Disinfection of Dental Instruments Contaminated with Streptococcus mutans Using Ozonated Water Alone or Combined with Ultrasound

Ozone gas diluted in water has been shown to produce significant results in terms of the elimination of microorganisms. Streptococcus mutans is the etiologic agent of dental caries. Methods using water containing ozone and an ultrasonic cleaner were employed for the disinfection of a curette. Streptococcus mutans was grown in a selective medium. The curette was submitted to disinfection by water containing ozone, by ultrasound, and then both techniques were combined. The results show that either method produced a significant microbial reduction, but the efficacy of both methods combined was greater. This method of disinfection proved to be both viable and cheap.     

Characterization and Properties of Layered Silicate Reinforced Spent DuraForm EX Nanocomposites

During the last decade, the nanocomposites based on layered silicate are widely studied and attracted the industrial and academic research. The effect of various loading levels of layered silicate reinforcement on the mechanical and thermal properties was studied by nano-indentation, flexural testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The maximum hardness (H), increased from 67 MPa for neat Spent DuraForm EX up to 170 MPa with 7 wt.% layered silicate-reinforced sample. The measured modulus (E), of unreinforced Spent DuraForm increased from 631 MPa to 2100 MPa with 7 wt.% layered silicate reinforcement. The thermal property of the EX nanocomposites revealed by DSC was improved by about 6?C up to 7 wt.% of layered silicate loading. Different levels of layered silicates dispersion as characterized using TEM and SEM correlated strongly with improvements in nanohardness and thermal properties. The improved hardness, modulus, crystalline and melting temperatures of Spent DuraForm EX nanocomposites are attributed mainly to the intercalated structures.     

Reversible pH-Responsive Hydrogels of Softwood Kraft Lignin and Poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate]-based Polymers

Softwood kraft lignin (SKL) pH-responsive hydrogels were prepared through controlled aggregation using poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) triblock copolymer (PDMAEMA-co-PEO-co-PDMAEMA). At low SKL concentrations, the SKL/polymer (PDMAEMA and PDMAEMA-co-PEO-co-PDMAEMA) aqueous solutions exhibited pH-dependent aggregation arising from the formation of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Decreasing the SKL/polymer weight ratio resulted in the pH-reversible soluble-insoluble (S-I) transition to become a soluble-insoluble-soluble (S-I-S) transition, which upon increasing the SKL concentration resulted in hydrogel formation. Under neutral conditions relatively strong hydrogels were formed, which upon either increasing or decreasing solution pH resulted in the hydrogels collapsing to liquid solutions, but were readily reformed upon neutralization. The effects of polymer structure, concentration, and intermolecular interactions on solution behavior and gelation are thoroughly discussed.     

壳聚糖缓释体系研究进展

综述了壳聚糖在缓释系统方面的最新研究进展。包括壳聚糖衍生物缓释体系的研究、壳聚糖缓释体系在医药系统的应用和吸附-控释复合体系的研究,重点介绍了壳聚糖衍生物缓释体系的研究,壳聚糖衍生物缓释体系分为壳聚糖衍生物缓释微球、壳聚糖纳米粒、壳聚糖缓释片、壳聚糖缓释微囊、壳聚糖缓释膜和壳聚糖水凝胶缓释体的研究等六个部分。壳聚糖缓释体系作为一项新技术在医药体系具有广泛的应用前景。     

带深沟拉手位冰箱抽屉转动式侧抽芯机构热流道模具设计

介绍了一种外侧带深沟拉手位、内侧带深扣位冰箱抽屉热流道注塑模具,通过对外侧带深沟位采用转动式滑块头抽芯、整体侧面气缸抽芯的方式,实现了产品外侧面的脱模;通过对内侧深扣位采用整体式内抽芯斜顶头,实现了产品内侧面的脱模,成功地应用于生产实践。     

氨基磺酸系陶瓷分散剂在黑泥/水界面的吸附分散作用

氨基磺酸系陶瓷分散剂(ASP)与木质素磺酸钙(木钙)、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物(fdn)及磺化丙酮甲醛缩合物(saf)相比具有明显分散降黏效果。测定了四种分散剂在黑泥表面的吸附等温线及其对黑泥颗粒表面Zeta电位的影响,结果表明ASP既有较大的饱和吸附量,又能提高黑泥颗粒的Zeta电位,通过静电排斥和空间位阻协同作用表现出优良的分散性能。通过加入脲、氯化钠及柠檬酸钠研究了ASP在黑泥/水界面的吸附作用力,发现吸附过程的主导作用力是络合作用,同时氢键吸附也是重要的吸附作用力。     

柑橘精油对泡沫塑料降解的研究

白色污染,是一个世界性的难题,聚苯乙烯高分子化合物是很难降解的。从柑橘皮香精油提取出柠檬烯,对提取到的产物进行折光率测定,并与柠檬烯标准值进行对比,同时通过质谱图与标准柠檬烯质谱图比较,分析得出产物的成分为d-柠檬烯,该产物可以用来降解聚苯乙烯,是无污染的技术。     

高炉用冶金焦与兰炭气化反应行为研究

通过实验室模拟高炉反应条件,对高温下冶金焦炭、兰炭与CO2气化反应特性进行研究,并结合兰炭微观结构分析了其反应机理.结果表明,兰炭起始反应温度低,气化反应速率远高于冶金焦炭,并且随着温度升高而迅速增加.富碱后,碱金属可以分布到兰炭内部,使兰炭在较长时间内保持较高的反应速率.冶金焦炭结构致密,镶嵌组织含量高;兰炭结构呈层片状,比表面积大,各向同性组织含量高,易与CO2发生反应.     

捣固焦高温碳素溶损反应行为研究

选择有代表性的捣固焦炭,在连续热反应装置内,考察不同温度下焦炭与CO2反应行为,揭示捣固焦炭在高炉内的劣化机理.结果表明,等温条件下,不同焦炭与CO2反应至30％的水平时,转化率随时间总体呈线性规律变化,反应动力学符合零级反应特征,表观活化能为89 kJ/mol～151 kJ/mol,碳溶反应后粉化程度与焦炭显气孔率及表观活化能有关,且粉化主要以扩孔和开孔为主.     

PEDF Improves Cardiac Function in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction via Inhibiting Vascular Permeability and Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a pleiotropic gene with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-angiogenic properties. However, recent reports about the effects of PEDF on cardiomyocytes are controversial, and it is not known whether and how PEDF acts to inhibit hypoxic or ischemic endothelial injury in the heart. In the present study, adult Sprague-Dawley rat models of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were surgically established. PEDF-small interfering RNA (siRNA)-lentivirus (PEDF-RNAi-LV) or PEDF-LV was delivered into the myocardium along the infarct border to knockdown or overexpress PEDF, respectively. Vascular permeability, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial infarct size and animal cardiac function were analyzed. We also evaluated PEDF’s effect on the suppression of the endothelial permeability and cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxia in vitro. The results indicated that PEDF significantly suppressed the vascular permeability and inhibited hypoxia-induced endothelial permeability through PPARγ-dependent tight junction (TJ) production. PEDF protected cardiomyocytes against ischemia or hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro via preventing the activation of caspase-3. We also found that PEDF significantly reduced myocardial infarct size and enhanced cardiac function in rats with AMI. These data suggest that PEDF could protect cardiac function from ischemic injury, at least by means of reducing vascular permeability, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial infarct size.